![]() All other images were scanned from other sources or downloaded from the World Wide Web they are posted on this password-protected site for educational purposes, at Bluffton College only, under the "fair use" clause of U.S. Text and image preparation by Mary Ann Sullivan.Īll images marked MAS were photographed on location by Mary Ann Sullivan. I invite you to skip ahead to see some examples of 20th century Realism. "Isms" come and go, but Realism has had staying power, partly because of its focus on contemporary life, partly because of its aesthetic aims. Pavlov in the Operating Theater, 1888 right: The Annual Meeting Near the Wall of the Communards in the Cemetery of Père-Lachaise in Paris, 1883 The paintings seems factual note the details conveyed by his titles. In general, his approach is objective, without much discernible artistic comment. Ilya Repin (1844-1930) painted portraits, even a few history paintings, and genre scenes, like the two below. Realism was an important movement in Russia, largely because of its social concerns (serfdom was abolished in 1861) and rejection of idealization. His emphasis is on the details of country life with an almost documentary, objective approach. Peasants in Conversation, 1877Leibl, the most important German Realist painter, learned from the works of the French founders of Realism. Left: Snap the Whip, 1872 right: The Gulf Stream, 1899 The painting at the right is typical of many of Homer's marine subjects with the muscular African-American imperiled by the frightening sea. The little red school house in the background and the lively young boys were popular subjects among the middle-class reading public. The painting below at the left was also executed as a wood engraving published in Harper's Weekly," a popular magazine. ![]() It is true to fact and depicts an actual scene-the battlefield at Petersburg, Virginia- and historical event-when General Barlow, a Union officer captured Confederate officers. Frith's style is realistic but unlike some realists, he is not a social critic.Īn American Realist: Winslow Homer (1836-1910) Prisoners from the Front, 1866An artist and war correspondant during the Civil War, Homer painted this work one year after the war ended. These realistic paintings were very popular with the public. The tiny baby is almost totally concealed beneath its mother's cape.ĭerby Day, 1856-58Frith specialized in panoramic paintings of modern life packed with human interest and detail. This middle-class couple, down on their luck, is emigrating to Australia in hopes of a better life. Unlike the PRB, Brown is engaged by contemporary issues. Note, for example, the rendering of the English wool in the garments and the sense of the weather in the scene. The Last of England, 1852-5Brown was not an official member of the PRB, but he follows their emphasis on meticulous particulars. Still, this is a subject that most Realists would avoid. The meticulous rendering of realistic details is the hallmark of PRB painting.Ĭhrist in the House of His Parents, 1849-50This painting evoked much negative criticism, primarily because of its realistic details-the literal quality of the setting (especially the strewn wood shavings on the floor) and the ordinariness (some critics said ugliness) of the Virgin and young Jesus in the center of the work. John Everett Millais (1829-96) was a founder of this group which wanted to follow the examples of painters before Raphael (thus the name) who they believed painted sincerely without artificiality and idealization. In England, a number of artists, some of them members of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (PRB), embraced Realism in technique without abandoning literary and historical subject matter. ImpressionistsAuguste Renoir (1841-1919) depicts his friends (his future wife holds the small dog) in Luncheon of the Boating Party, 1881 (left) Claude Monet (1840-1926) gives a fleeting impression of the floating restaurant and favorite entertainment spot in his La Grenouillère, 1869 (center) and Gustave Caillebotte (1848-93) paints a specific spot in Paris with realistic weather in Paris, Rainy Weather, 1877. Note the snapshot quality of A Bar at the Folies-Bergère, 1882 (right)-the trapeze artist's legs at the very far left hang down at the top of the canvas. Manet depicts himself to the far left in Concert in the Tuileries, c. The paintings below depict pleasure spots in the Paris of his day. Édouard Manet (1832-83) is often regarded as a bridge between Realism and Impressionism. While Courbet and Daumier often saw the injustices and absurdities of modern life, the Impressionists, however, usually painted its pleasures. For example, Impressionists are like Realists in that they eschewed imaginary worlds and focussed on the visual contemporary world, their own friends, and specific places. The designation "Realist" can be applied in various ways to a number of artists.
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